High Impedance Fault Location Methods: Review and Harmonic Selection-based Analysis

High Impedance Faults (HIFs) are recurring events in electrical Distribution Systems (DSs) and occur by the contact between energized conductors high impedance surfaces. HIFs may pose hazards to living beings cause bushfires. However, HIF protection has not been completely solved due small fault current varying impedance, inhibiting traditional techniques from functioning correctly. In literature, researchers have mainly focused on detection techniques. Thus, development of Location Methods (HIFLMs) is recent, evidences for conclusive solutions still lacking. Moreover, this date, no existing study reviews main challenges concerning HIFLMs DSs. This paper proposes a systematic analysis common stages design HIFLMs. The strategy evaluating similar characteristics that research path regarding faced real-world conditions. Additionally, case assess best input signals, metrics, machine learning-based decision algorithms new HIFLM. results promising, with identification rates, even noisy methodology can help select datasets supervised Highlighting state-of-art methods support paper’s contributions.